Would you say them requiring them to serve, is in itself a form of education? Something the US is missing.
What is missing is an actual will to approach the problem of gun violence, most of which occurs in approximately six urban areas and mostly among black youth. Beyond that, roughly half of the gun deaths in the US are suicide, which is another problem for which there is little will to tackle.
Given the geography of the political factions in the US, the first issue is primarily one the left needs to deal with given that these urban areas are largely run by Democrats. Unfortunately, the anti-gun folks have a different agenda and seem primarily interested in disarming the populace which is an impossible task vs. passing any sort of meaningful legislation that would curtail gun violence.
As an example, I tend to believe that a well-funded federal system for background checks consistently implemented in every state would catch folks buying guns that shouldn't oughta and could also reduce the hassle that the law-abiding folks have to deal with. Presently, there is a federal system, but it's inconsistently used and funded more or less well state by state. A bill was put forth to correct that issue a few years back, but was quickly tanked when someone added a "high capacity" magazine ban to it.
In any case, what should be done in these few areas where most of of the actual gun violence occurs is anyone's guess. Given how focused the problem is, we could devote a fraction of the resources of the anti-gun lobby to it and try any number of things. The amount of funding vs. the size and scope the problem would inevitably lead to a solution, even if it's "gather up all these kids and pay their way through college" or some such.
That's not going to happen, though because the people on the one side of the issue have an agenda they are hyper focused on that doesn't exist in the realm of reason, much like the folks on the other end of the issue have an agenda that doesn't exist in the realm of reason. By that I mean, the NRA used to be cool.
As for the suicides, well, I think that's a perfect example of a deeper underlying problem than access to guns and really, I have no fucking clue how to approach that.
@malfeasance is on to something though. People that don't possess a sense of belonging or an obligation to their community are typically the ones that have the problems.